Aqueous dispersions of single-wall and multiwall carbon nanotubes with designed amphiphilic polycations

被引:338
作者
Sinani, VA
Gheith, MK
Yaroslavov, AA
Rakhnyanskaya, AA
Sun, K
Mamedov, AA
Wicksted, JP
Kotov, NA [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Chem Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119899, Russia
[3] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA
[4] Univ Michigan, Electron Microbeam Anal Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[5] Nomad Inc, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1021/ja045670+
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Poor solubility of single-walled and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (NTs) in water and organic solvents presents a considerable challenge for their purification and applications. Macromolecules can be convenient solubilizing agents for NTs and a structural element of composite materials for them. Several block copolymers with different chemical functionalities of the side groups were tested for the preparation of aqueous NT dispersions. Poly(N-cetyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide-co-N-ethyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromideco-4-vinylpyridine) was found to form exceptionally stable NT dispersions. It is suggested that the efficiency of macromolecular dispersion agents for NT solubilization correlates with the topological and electronic similarity of polymer-NT and NT-NT interactions in the nanotube bundles. Raman spectroscopy and atomic force and transmission electron microcopies data indicate that the polycations are wrapped around NTs forming a uniform coating 1.0-1.5 nm thick. The ability to wind around the NT originates in the hydrophobic attraction of the polymer backbone to the graphene surface and topological matching. Tetraalkylammonium functional groups in the side chains of the macromolecule create a cloud of positive charge around NTs, which makes them hydrophilic. The prepared dispersions could facilitate the processing of the nanotubes into composites with high nanotube loading for electronic materials and sensing. Positive charge on their surface is particularly important for biological and biomedical applications because it strengthens interactions with negatively charged cell membranes. A high degree of spontaneous bundle separation afforded by the polymer coating can also be beneficial for NT sorting.
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页码:3463 / 3472
页数:10
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