Soil temperature derived prediction of root density in cotton

被引:19
作者
McMichael, BL
Upchurch, DR
Burke, JJ
机构
[1] USDA-ARS, Cropping Syst. Research Laboratory, Box 215, Lubbock, TX 79401
关键词
root development; root distribution; model; irrigation; dryland; row spacing;
D O I
10.1016/0098-8472(96)01015-5
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Soil temperature has a significant impact on the development of plant root systems. Root growth increases with an increase in soil temperature until an optimum is reached, with decreased growth occurring as the temperature continues to rise. Soil temperatures change during the season as a result of changes in agronomic factors such as row spacing and irrigation. A model was developed to test the hypothesis that the growth of the root systems of cotton seedlings growing in controlled temperature environments coupled with information on changes in soil temperature could be used to predict the development of the root systems in the field. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv 'Paymaster HS-26') seedlings were grown in polyethylene growth pouches at various temperatures (10-40 degrees C) and root development evaluated as a function of temperature. Information obtained from a field experiment where plants were grown at two irrigation levels (irrigated vs. no irrigation)and two row spacings (76 and 100 cm) was also utilized. Soil temperatures were measured at various depths and root cores were taken at the end of the experiment to determine the root length density profiles. The model was then used to determine the root development for the day the root cores were taken and compared with the actual data for each treatment. In general, the temperature driven model estimated the relative rooting density variations with depth when water was not limiting (irrigated treatment) but more closely estimated the actual values for rooting density at the various depths under dryland conditions. Root length density was also more closely estimated by the temperature model for the 100 cm row spacing compared with the 76 cm spacing (R(2)=0.91 and 0.71 vs. 0.91 and 0.42 for each irrigation level, respectively). The temperature modes may provide the opportunity to determine root system characteristics on a dynamic basis throughout the growing season.
引用
收藏
页码:303 / 312
页数:10
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