Observation of the shadowing of cosmic rays by the Moon using a deep underground detector -: art. no. 012003

被引：25

作者：

Ambrosio, M

Antolini, R

Aramo, C

Auriemma, G

Baldini, A

Barbarino, GC

Barish, BC

Battistoni, G

Bellotti, R

Bemporad, C

Bernardini, P

Bilokon, H

Bisi, V

Bloise, C

Bower, C

Bussino, S

Cafagna, F

Calicchio, M

Campana, D

Carboni, M

Castellano, M

Cecchini, S

Cei, F

Chiarella, V

Choudhary, BC

Coutu, S

De Benedictis, L

De Cataldo, G

Dekhissi, H

De Marzo, C

De Mitri, I

Derkaoui, J

De Vincenzi, M

Di Credico, A

Erriquez, O

Favuzzi, C

Forti, C

Fusco, P

Giacomelli, G

Giannini, G

Giglietto, N

Giorgini, M

Grassi, M

Gray, L

Grillo, A

Guarino, F

Guarnaccia, P

Gustavino, C

Habig, A

Hanson, K

机构：

[1] Univ Bari, Dipartmento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy

[2] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy

[3] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, I-40126 Bologna, Italy

[4] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy

[5] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[6] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[7] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

[8] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy

[9] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, I-67010 Laquila, Italy

[10] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA

[11] Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA

[12] Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy

[13] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-67100 Laquila, Italy

[14] Univ Lecce, Dipartimento Fis, I-73100 Lecce, Italy

[15] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy

[16] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[17] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, I-80125 Naples, Italy

[18] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy

[19] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56010 Pisa, Italy

[20] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy

[21] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[22] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[23] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA

[24] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, I-10125 Turin, Italy

[25] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy

[26] Univ Mohammed 1, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco

[27] Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy

[28] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[29] Ist TESRE, CNR, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[30] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56010 Pisa, Italy

[31] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy

[32] Univ Trieste, I-34100 Trieste, Italy

[33] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34100 Trieste, Italy

[34] Univ Rome, Dipartimento Energet, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[35] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia

[36] Inst Space Sci, R-76900 Bucharest, Romania

[37] Swarthmore Coll, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA

[38] PINSTECH, RPD, Islamabad, Pakistan

[39] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-95129 Catania, Italy

[40] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16801 USA

来源：

PHYSICAL REVIEW D | 1999年 / 59卷 / 01期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1103/PhysRevD.59.012003

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Using data collected by the MACRO experiment during the years 1989-1996, we show evidence for the shadow of the Moon in the underground cosmic ray flux with a significance of 3.6 sigma. This detection of the shadowing effect is the first by an underground detector. A maximum-likelihood analysis is used to determine that the angular resolution of the apparatus is 0.9 degrees +/- 0.3 degrees. These results demonstrate MACRO's capabilities as a muon telescope by confirming its absolute pointing ability and quantifying its angular resolution.

引用

页数：7

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