Effects of antihyperalgesic drugs on experimentally induced hyperalgesia in man

In a double-blind, cross-over study, ibuprofen (600 mg), a peripherally-acting selective K-opioid receptor agonist (7.5 mg), or placebo were given orally in experiments on healthy volunteers 1 h before assessment of pain thresholds to radiant heal and of pain ratings to controlled mechanical impact stimuli. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia had been induced 24 h before by irradiating skin patches on the ventral side of the upper leg. UVB irradiation induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia at radiation dosages of three limes the minimal erythema dose. UVA irradiation resulted in an immediate erythema and a delayed tanning of the skin, however, no hyperalgesia was observed. For comparison another model of mechanical hyperalgesia was applied in the same experiments which has been previously proven sensitive to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In this model hyperalgesia was assessed, which develops during repetitive pinching of skin folds (pinch model). Ibuprofen significantly diminished heat and mechanical hyperalgesia induced by UVB, but had no effect on pain responses obtained from untreated skin. It also had an antihyperalgesic effect in the pinch stimulus paradigm. In contrast, the K-agonist showed no antihyperalgesic efficacy in the chosen models. It is concluded that the UVB model, as the pinch model, is suitable for establishing antihyperalgesic effects of NSAIDs, bur probably not of K-receptor agonists, in healthy human volunteers. Compared to the pinch stimulus model, the WE model offers additional advantages: (a) drugs may be tested after induction of the skin trauma by UV and this situation is more similar to the clinical use of antihyperalgesic drugs. (b) Since mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia is induced by UVB, drug effects can be tested upon both forms of hyperalgesia. (C) 1998 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.