Glacial lake outburst floods as drivers of fluvial erosion in the Himalaya

被引：250

作者：

Cook, Kristen L. ^{[1
]}

Andermann, Christoff ^{[1
]}

Gimbert, Florent ^{[1
,2
]}

Adhikari, Basanta Raj ^{[3
]}

Hovius, Niels ^{[1
,4
]}

机构：

[1] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Potsdam, Germany

[2] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, IGE, Grenoble, France

[3] Tribhuvan Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Inst Engn, Pulchowk Campus, Kirtipur, Nepal

[4] Potsdam Univ, Inst Earth & Environm Sci, Potsdam, Germany

来源：

SCIENCE | 2018年 / 362卷 / 6410期

关键词：

MOUNT EVEREST REGION; NEPAL; CHANNELS; MORAINE; RIVERS; BASIN; DAMS; RISK; FLOW;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aat4981

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Himalayan rivers are frequently hit by catastrophic floods that are caused by the failure of glacial lake and landslide dams; however, the dynamics and long-term impacts of such floods remain poorly understood. We present a comprehensive set of observations that capture the July 2016 glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) in the Bhotekoshi/Sunkoshi River of Nepal. Seismic records of the flood provide new insights into GLOF mechanics and their ability to mobilize large boulders that otherwise prevent channel erosion. Because of this boulder mobilization, GLOF impacts far exceed those of the annual summer monsoon, and GLOFs may dominate fluvial erosion and channel-hillslope coupling many tens of kilometers downstream of glaciated areas. Long-term valley evolution in these regions may therefore be driven by GLOF frequency and magnitude, rather than by precipitation.

引用

页码：53 / 57

页数：5

共 35 条

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