Scaling of C60 ionization and fragmentation with the energy deposited in collisions with H+, H2+, H3+, and He+ ions (2-130 keV)

Fragmentation, ionization and Ct fragment evaporation of the C-60 molecule induced by collisions with H+, H-2(+), H-3(+) and He+ monocharged ions have been measured in coincidence with the electron emission in the 2-130 keV projectile energy range. The time-of-flight mass spectra were found to vary strongly with the collision energy or velocity and the projectile. On the other hand, they scale rather nicely with the energy deposited in the molecule. Relative weights of the total multi-fragmentation into small C-n(+) fragments (n = 1-14), individual multi-fragmentation (n = 1, 7 and 11), double ionization of the intact molecule and evaporation of C-2 molecules associated with the doubly charged fullerene ion, are used to illustrate our finding quantitatively.