Dethiosulfovibrio peptidovorans gen. nov, sp. nov, a new anaerobic, slightly halophilic, thiosulfate-reducing bacterium from corroding offshore oil wells

A strictly anaerobic thiosulfate-reducing bacterium was isolated from a corroding offshore oil well in Congo and was designated strain SEER 4207(T). Pure culture of the strain induced a very active pitting corrosion of mild steel, with penetration rates of up to 4 mm per year. This constitutes the first experimental evidence of the involvement of thiosulfate reduction in microbial corrosion of steel. Strain SEER 4207(T) cells were vibrios (3 to 5 by 1 mu m), stained gram negative, and possessed lateral flagella. Spores were not detected. Optimum growth occurred in the presence of 3% NaCl at pH 7.0 and 42 degrees C. Strain SEER 4207(T) utilized peptides and amino acids, but not sugars or fatty acids. It fermented serine, histidine, and Casamino Acids, whereas arginine, glutamate, leucine, isoleucine, alanine, valine, methionine, and asparagine were only used in the presence of thiosulfate. Peptides were fermented to acetate, isobutyrate, isovalerate, 2-methylbutyrate, H-2, and CO2. The addition of either thiosulfate or sulfur but not sulfate increased peptide utilization, growth rate, and biomass; during growth, H2S was produced and a concomitant decrease in H-2 was observed, The addition of either thiosulfate or sulfur also reversed H-2 inhibition. 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicates that strain SEER 4207(T) is distantly related to members of the genus Thermoanaerobacter (83% similarity). Because the phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics cannot be assigned to any described genus, strain SEER 4207(T) is designated as a new species of a new genus, Dethiosulfovibrio peptidovorans gen. nov., sp. nov. Strain SEER 4207(T) has been deposited in the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen and zellkulturen GmbH (= DSM 11002).