Sulfates-Based Nanothermites: An Expanding Horizon for Metastable Interstitial Composites

被引：42

作者：

Comet, Marc ^{[1
]}

Vidick, Geoffrey ^{[1
]}

Schnell, Fabien ^{[1
]}

Suma, Yves ^{[1
]}

Baps, Bernard ^{[1
]}

Spitzer, Denis ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] French German Res Inst St Louis, Unistra, CNRS,ISL, NS3E UMR 320, F-68301 St Louis, France

来源：

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION | 2015年 / 54卷 / 15期

关键词：

aluminum; metastable compounds; nanoparticles; reactivity; sulfur; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; COMBUSTION; ALUMINUM; THERMITES; NANOPARTICLES; IGNITION; SYSTEM;

D O I：

10.1002/anie.201410634

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

070301 [无机化学];

摘要：

Metal sulfates (Ba, Bi, Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Na, Zn, Zr) were used as oxidizers in reactive compositions with Al nanopowder. These new kinds of nanothermites have outstandingly high reaction heats (4-6kJg(-1)) compared to conventional Al/metal oxides (1.5-4.8kJg(-1)) and also have good combustion velocities (200-840ms(-1) vs 100-2500ms(-1)). These compositions are extremely insensitive to friction making their preparation and handling easy and safe. The sulfate hydration water increases the reaction heats and has a significant effect on the sensitivity to impact and to electrostatic discharge. The reaction of Al with water is easier to initiate than the one with sulfate which leads to two possible decomposition modes for samples exposed to an open flame. The pyrotechnical properties observed with sulfates have also been found for other sulfur oxygenates (SO32-, S2O32-, S2O82-) which opens up new horizons in the domain of metastable interstitial composites.

引用

页码：4458 / 4462

页数：5

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