Leafroller phenology and parasitism in Hawkes bay, New Zealand, canefruit gardens

Pheromone traps together with leaf and fruit samples were used to measure the seasonal occurrence and relative pest status of three species of leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in two berryfruit gardens in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand. The pheromone trap data detected slight differences in the seasonal phenology of male flights between the two properties, but reflected the relative pest status of larvae infesting leaves and fruit at only one property. Numbers of larvae of the different species found in leaves, on the other hand, were good predictors of pest status at harvest. Three species of larval parasitoids (all Hymenoptera) were reared, and their seasonal occurrence noted, but the data were inadequate to allow life-table compilation or measurement of population regulation of their hosts.