A multicenter evaluation of the efficacy and safety of 150 and 300 mg/d sustained-release bupropion tablets versus placebo in depressed outpatients

This multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study compared the antidepressant efficacy and safety of bupropion sustained-release (SR) tablets (150 mg QD or 150 mg BID) with placebo in outpatients with moderate-to-severe depression. The study consisted of a 1-week placebo phase followed by 8 weeks of active treatment with bupropion SR 150 mg/d (150 mg QD, n = 121) or 300 mg/d (150 mg BID, n = 120) or placebo (n = 121). Efficacy was measured by changes in scores on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and the Clinical Global Impressions for Severity of Illness (CGI-S) and Clinical Global Impressions for Improvement of Illness (CGI-I) scales. Safety was monitored by regular assessment of vital signs and adverse events as well as by pretreatment and posttreatment physical and clinical laboratory examinations. By day 56, both bupropion SR treatments were more effective in relieving the symptoms of depression than was placebo. Compared with those receiving placebo, patients in the bupropion SR 150- and 300-mg/d groups had significantly reduced symptoms by treatment day 56, as measured on the 17-item HAM-D, CGI-S, and CGI-I scales (P < 0.05). Bupropion SR was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported by bupropion-treated patients; 95% of all reported adverse events were of mild or moderate intensity. No clinically significant changes in vital signs, laboratory test results, or physical findings were observed. A greater mean weight loss was observed at the end of treatment in both the bupropion SR 150-mg (0.5 kg) and bupropion SR 300-mg (1.0 kg) group compared with placebo (0.2 kg). We found that bupropion SR 150 mg administered either once or twice daily was more effective than placebo in treating depression and that once-daily dosing appears to be at least as effective as twice-daily dosing. Should this prove true, depressed patients may be able to benefit from the convenience and improved tolerability associated with once-daily dosing.