Kinetics of 5α-cholestan-3β,6-yl N-(2-naphthyl)carbamate/n-alkane organogel formation and its influence on the fibrillar networks

The kinetics and mode of nucleation and growth of fibers by 5 alpha-cholestan-3 beta-yl N-(2-naphthyl)-carbarnate (CNC), a low-molecular-mass organogelator (LMOG), in n-octane and n-dodecane have been investigated as their sols were transformed isothermally to organogels. The kinetics has been followed in detail by circular dichroism, fluorescence, small-angle neutron scattering, and rheological methods. When treated according to Avrami theory, kinetic data from the four methods are self-consistent and describe a gelation process involving one-dimensional growth and "instantaneous nucleation". As expected from this growth model, polarized optical micrographs of the self-assembled fibrillar networks (SAFINs) show fibrous aggregates. However, their size and appearance change abruptly from spherulitic to rodlike as temperature is increased. This morphological change is attended by corresponding excursions in static and kinetic CD, fluorescence and rheological data. Furthermore, the rheological measurements reveal an unusual linear increase in viscoelastic moduli in the initial stages of self-assembly. Each of the methods employed becomes sensitive to changes of the system at different stages of the transformation from single molecules of the LMOG to their eventual SAFINs. This study also provides a methodology for investigating aggregation phenomena of some other self-assembling systems, including those of biological and physiological importance.