Clinical uses of interferons

Interferons were first described by Isaacs & Lindenmann working at the National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill in 1957 [1]. Thus, the fiftieth year of their discovery is being celebrated this year at Oxford in a meeting of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research. This then is an appropriate time to review the clinical applications of the interferons. To accomplish this coherently it is necessary also to review briefly what led to the discovery of interferons, why their clinical applications were so slow in coming, and the impact of interferon research on the biomedical sciences.