Flaxseed and cardiovascular risk factors: Results from a double blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial

被引:166
作者
Bloedon, LeAnne T. [1 ,2 ]
Balikai, Shilpa
Chittams, Jesse [3 ]
Cunnane, Stephen C. [4 ]
Berlin, Jesse A. [3 ]
Rader, Daniel J. [2 ]
Szapary, Philippe O. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[2] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Inst Translat Med & Therapeut, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[3] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Gen Clin Res Ctr, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[4] Univ Sherbrooke, Res Ctr Aging, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada
关键词
flaxseed; hypercholesterolemia; lipoproteins; insulin resistance; inflammation; oxidative stress;
D O I
10.1080/07315724.2008.10719676
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Objective: Flaxseed is a rich source of alpha linolenic acid (ALA), fiber and lignans, making it a potentially attractive functional food for modulating cardiovascular risk. We studied the effects of flaxseed on markers of cardiovascular risk in hypercholesterolemic adults. Methods: Sixty-two men and post-menopausal women with pre-study low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between 130 and 200 mg/dl were randomized to 40g/day of ground flaxseed-containing baked products or matching wheat bran products for 10 weeks while following a low fat, low cholesterol diet. Fasting lipoproteins, measures of insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and safety were assessed at 0, 5 and 10 weeks. Results: Flaxseed was well-tolerated, and increased serum levels of ALA (p < 0.001). Compared to wheat, flaxseed significantly reduced LDL-C at 5 weeks (-13%, p < 0.005), but not at 10 weeks (-7%, p = 0.07). Flaxseed reduced lipoprotein a (Lp[a]) by a net of 14% (p = 0.02), and reduced the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index by 23.7% (p = 0.03) compared to wheat at 10 weeks, but did not affect markers of inflammation (IL-6, Hs-CRP) or oxidative stress (ox LDL, urinary isoprostanes) at any time points. In men, flaxseed reduced HDL-C concentrations by a net of 16% (p = 0.03) and 9% (p = 0.05) at 5 and 10 weeks, respectively. Conclusions: Ground flaxseed has a modest but short lived LDL-C lowering effect, yet reduces Lp(a) and improves insulin sensitivity in hyperlipidemic adults. The HDL-C lowering effect of flaxseed in men warrants additional study.
引用
收藏
页码:65 / 74
页数:10
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