Using perceptions as evidence to improve conservation and environmental management

被引:751
作者
Bennett, Nathan James [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ British Columbia, Inst Resources Environm & Sustainabil, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
[2] Univ Washington, Sch Marine & Environm Affairs, Seattle, WA 98105 USA
关键词
adaptive management; conservation social science; environmental governance; evidence-based conservation; environmental social science; monitoring and evaluation; protected areas; MARINE-PROTECTED-AREAS; TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; INTEGRATED CONSERVATION; COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS; LOCAL-COMMUNITIES; GOOD GOVERNANCE; POVERTY; BEHAVIOR; OUTCOMES; IMPACTS;
D O I
10.1111/cobi.12681
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
The conservation community is increasingly focusing on the monitoring and evaluation of management, governance, ecological, and social considerations as part of a broader move toward adaptive management and evidence-based conservation. Evidence is any information that can be used to come to a conclusion and support a judgment or, in this case, to make decisions that will improve conservation policies, actions, and outcomes. Perceptions are one type of information that is often dismissed as anecdotal by those arguing for evidence-based conservation. In this paper, I clarify the contributions of research on perceptions of conservation to improving adaptive and evidence-based conservation. Studies of the perceptions of local people can provide important insights into observations, understandings and interpretations of the social impacts, and ecological outcomes of conservation; the legitimacy of conservation governance; and the social acceptability of environmental management. Perceptions of these factors contribute to positive or negative local evaluations of conservation initiatives. It is positive perceptions, not just objective scientific evidence of effectiveness, that ultimately ensure the support of local constituents thus enabling the long-term success of conservation. Research on perceptions can inform courses of action to improve conservation and governance at scales ranging from individual initiatives to national and international policies. Better incorporation of evidence from across the social and natural sciences and integration of a plurality of methods into monitoring and evaluation will provide a more complete picture on which to base conservation decisions and environmental management.
引用
收藏
页码:582 / 592
页数:11
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