Characterization of a novel class of plant homeodomain proteins that bind to the C4 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene of Flaveria trinervia

被引:103
作者
Windhövel, A [1 ]
Hein, I [1 ]
Dabrowa, R [1 ]
Stockhaus, J [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Entwicklungs & Mol Biol Pflanzen, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
关键词
C-4; photosynthesis; Flaveria; homeodomain; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; one-hybrid system; transcription factor;
D O I
10.1023/A:1006450005648
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
We are interested in the regulatory mechanisms responsible for the mesophyll-specific expression of C-4 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase). A one-hybrid screen resulted in the cloning of four different members of a novel class of plant homeodomain proteins, which are most likely involved in the mesophyll-specific expression of the C-4 PEPCase gene in C-4 species of the genus Flaveria. inspection of the homeodomains of the four proteins reveals that they share many common features with homeodomains described so far, but there are also significant differences. Interestingly, this class of homeodomain proteins occurs also in Arabidopsis thaliana and other C-3 plants. One-hybrid experiments as well as in vitro, DNA binding studies confirmed that these novel homeodomain proteins specifically interact with the proximal region of the C-4 PEPCase gene. The N-terminal domains of the homeodomain proteins contain highly conserved sequence motifs. Two-hybrid experiments show that these motifs are sufficient to confer homo- or heterodimer formation between the proteins. Mutagenesis of conserved cysteine residues within the dimerization domain indicates that these residues are essential for dimer formation. Therefore, we designate this novel class of homeobox proteins ZF-HD, for zinc finger homeodomain protein. Our data suggest that the ZF-HD class of homeodomain proteins may be involved in the establishment of the characteristic expression pattern of the C-4 PEPCase gene.
引用
收藏
页码:201 / 214
页数:14
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