Genomic analysis of common chimpanzee major histocompatibility complex class I genes

被引:23
作者
Adams, EJ
Parham, P
机构
[1] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Struct, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[2] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[3] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
关键词
common chimpanzee; MHC class I; evolution; divergence; variation;
D O I
10.1007/s002510100318
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
To investigate how MHC class I genes have changed in the similar to5 million years since chimpanzees and humans diverged, we characterized six genomic fragments ranging in size from 5.1 to 6.1 kb, each containing the complete coding region? introns, and flanking regions of one of the following chimpanzee class I genes: Patr-A, Patr-E, Patr-F, Patr-G, Patr-H, and Patr-J. In humans, these genes are closely linked within the class I region and are representatives of three distinct functional categories of class I genes: the highly polymorphic Ia genes (HLA-A), the conserved Ib genes (HLA-E, HLA-F, and HLA-G), and the class I pseudogenes (HLA-H and HLA-J). Southern blot analysis of chimpanzee and human class I genes produced nearly identical patterns, suggesting that the organization and linkage of these genes differs little ill the two species. Comparison of the chimpanzee fragment sequences with their human orthologues revealed structural conservation of these genes yet differences in their degree of functional constraint. This is apparent in the location and nature of the amino acid changes between species and the substantial differences in levels of divergence at functional and nonfunctional sites. Additionally, there is no correlation between patterns of divergence at these sites and intraspecific variation, an observation explained by either appreciable gene conversion or high levels of recombination, the latter unlikely given the observed strong linkage disequilibrium of these loci.
引用
收藏
页码:200 / 208
页数:9
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