Hydrocarbon emissions characterization in the Colorado Front Range: A pilot study

被引：301

作者：

Petron, Gabrielle ^{[1
,2
]}

Frost, Gregory ^{[1
,2
]}

Miller, Benjamin R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Hirsch, Adam I. ^{[1
,2
]}

Montzka, Stephen A. ^{[1
]}

Karion, Anna ^{[1
,2
]}

Trainer, Michael ^{[1
]}

Sweeney, Colm ^{[1
,2
]}

Andrews, Arlyn E. ^{[1
]}

Miller, Lloyd ^{[3
]}

Kofler, Jonathan ^{[1
,2
]}

Bar-Ilan, Amnon ^{[4
]}

Dlugokencky, Ed J. ^{[1
]}

Patrick, Laura ^{[1
,2
]}

Moore, Charles T., Jr. ^{[5
]}

Ryerson, Thomas B. ^{[1
]}

Siso, Carolina ^{[1
,2
]}

Kolodzey, William ^{[6
]}

Lang, Patricia M. ^{[1
]}

Conway, Thomas ^{[1
]}

Novelli, Paul ^{[1
]}

Masarie, Kenneth ^{[1
]}

Hall, Bradley ^{[1
]}

Guenther, Douglas ^{[1
,2
]}

Kitzis, Duane ^{[1
,2
]}

Miller, John ^{[1
,2
]}

Welsh, David ^{[1
,2
]}

Wolfe, Dan ^{[1
]}

Neff, William ^{[1
]}

Tans, Pieter ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA

[2] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[3] Sci & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO USA

[4] ENVIRON Int Corp, Novato, CA 94998 USA

[5] Colorado State Univ, Western Reg Air Partnership Western Governors Ass, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

[6] Clemson Univ, Holcombe Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES | 2012年 / 117卷

关键词：

CARBON-MONOXIDE; UNITED-STATES; METHANE; TROPOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERE; GASOLINE; BENZENE; RATIOS; OZONE; SCALE;

D O I：

10.1029/2011JD016360

中图分类号：

P4 [大气科学（气象学）];

学科分类号：

0706 ; 070601 ;

摘要：

The multispecies analysis of daily air samples collected at the NOAA Boulder Atmospheric Observatory (BAO) in Weld County in northeastern Colorado since 2007 shows highly correlated alkane enhancements caused by a regionally distributed mix of sources in the Denver-Julesburg Basin. To further characterize the emissions of methane and non-methane hydrocarbons (propane, n-butane, i-pentane, n-pentane and benzene) around BAO, a pilot study involving automobile-based surveys was carried out during the summer of 2008. A mix of venting emissions (leaks) of raw natural gas and flashing emissions from condensate storage tanks can explain the alkane ratios we observe in air masses impacted by oil and gas operations in northeastern Colorado. Using the WRAP Phase III inventory of total volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from oil and gas exploration, production and processing, together with flashing and venting emission speciation profiles provided by State agencies or the oil and gas industry, we derive a range of bottom-up speciated emissions for Weld County in 2008. We use the observed ambient molar ratios and flashing and venting emissions data to calculate top-down scenarios for the amount of natural gas leaked to the atmosphere and the associated methane and non-methane emissions. Our analysis suggests that the emissions of the species we measured are most likely underestimated in current inventories and that the uncertainties attached to these estimates can be as high as a factor of two.

引用

页数：19

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