Comparison of Transcriptome Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Fasting Glucose

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the transcriptome between impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM), and further research their molecular mechanisms. Material/ Methods: The original microarray GSE21(21, including miRNA and mRNA expression profiles, was downloaded from the GEO database. Data preprocessing was processed by limma package, and differentially expressed genes ( DGs) and miRNA ( DMs) were screened. Then, the regulatory relationships among miRNA, TF, and genes were screened and the regulatory network was constructed. Finally, DAVID was used for KEGG enrichment analysis. Results: There were 11 upregulated IFG-related DMs and five upregulated T2DM-related DMs. Three of the DMs overlapped. In addition, there were eight downregulated IFG-related DMs and two downregulated T2DM-related DMs. Only one downregulated DM overlapped. Similarly, there were 264 upregulated IFG-related DGs and ((1 upregulated T2DM-related DGs; and 196 overlapping genes were obtained. In addition, there were 400 downregulated IFG-related DMs and 568 downregulated T2DM-related DMs. A total of (26 downregulated DMs were overlapped. The overlapped DGs were enriched in various pathways, including hematopoietic cell lineage, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, and MAPK signaling pathway. TAF1 ( upregulated gene) and MAFK ( downregulated gene) were hub nodes both in IFG-and T2DM-related miRNA-TF-gene regulatory network. In addition, miRNAs, including hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-192, and hsa-miR-144, were upregulated hub nodes in the two regulatory networks. Conclusions: Genes including TAF1 and MAFK, and miRNAs including hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-192, and hsa-miR-144 might be potential target genes and important miRNAs for IFG and T2DM.