Data envelopment analysis for assessing optimal operation of ultra-filtration systems for effluent polishing

The scarcity of fresh water in most of the countries in the Mediterranean Basin makes treated wastewater a valuable alternative water source. The improved technology for the removal of particles, turbidity, bacteria and cysts from effluent, without the use of disinfectants is based on the use of membranes, mainly on micro-filtration (MF) and ultra-filtration (UF). Membrane treatment of secondary effluent sounds attractive since it is a stable water source. Pathogens, soluble organic matters, turbidity, color, parasites and viruses can be removed by UF membrane technology. Experiments are in progress in the commercial fields of Gadash Har Hebron Enterprise (GHHE), located near the City of Arad, Israel. Field data collected from a two-stage UF pilot plant (240 m(3)/day) enable us to provide performance estimate efficiencies based on the data envelopment analysis method. The research focused on individual UF experiments allowing us to determine the UF performance efficiency in terms of information quality for adequate decision-making. Field results are presented in order to support the theory and related pricing decisions.