Effective potentials for polymers and colloids: beyond the van der Waals picture of fluids?

被引:86
作者
Louis, AA [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England
来源
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES | 2001年 / 359卷 / 1782期
关键词
effective potentials; depletion; colloidal suspensions; colloid-polymer mixtures; simple fluids; globular proteins;
D O I
10.1098/rsta.2000.0804
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
This paper briefly reviews some recent work demonstrating the partial breakdown of the colloidal fluid <----> atomic fluid analogy. The success of liquid state theory for atomic fluids stems in part from the van der Waals picture, where steric interactions dominate the structure, and attractive interactions can be added as a perturbation. For complex fluids described by effective potentials, this picture may break down. In the first example discussed, depletion potentials in non-additive hard-sphere mixtures are shown to be surprisingly complex, leading to fluid structure and fluid-solid transitions dominated by properties of the attractive potentials instead of by the hard-cores. many colloidal suspensions, and possibly globular proteins, fall into this energetic fluid category. In the second example, the coarse-graining of poly mers leads to soft-core effective potentials and associated mean-field fluid behaviour distinguished by a breakdown of the virial expansion, an equation of state that is nevertheless nearly linear in density, and correlation functions well described by the random phase approximation.
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页码:939 / 960
页数:22
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