A guide for the design and conduct of self-administered surveys of clinicians

被引:916
作者
Burns, Karen E. A. [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Duffett, Mark [1 ,5 ]
Kho, Michelle E. [1 ]
Meade, Maureen O. [1 ]
Adhikari, Neill K. J. [2 ,6 ,7 ]
Sinuff, Tasnim [2 ,6 ,7 ]
Cook, Deborah J. [1 ]
机构
[1] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
[2] Univ Toronto, Interdept Div Crit Care, Toronto, ON, Canada
[3] St Michaels Hosp, Keenan Res Ctr, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
[4] St Michaels Hosp, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Inst, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
[5] McMaster Childrens Hosp, Pediat Crit Care, Hamilton, ON, Canada
[6] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Crit Care Med, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
[7] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Sunnybrook Res Inst, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
关键词
D O I
10.1503/cmaj.080372
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Survey research is an important form of scientific inquiry1 that merits rigorous design and analysis. 2 The aim of a survey is to gather reliable and unbiased data from a representative sample of respondents. 3 Increasingly, investigators administer questionnaires to clinicians about their knowledge, attitudes and practice2,4,5 to generate or refine research questions and to evaluate the impact of clinical research on practice. Questionnaires can be descriptive (reporting factual data) or explanatory (drawing inferences between constructs or concepts) and can explore several constructs at a time. Questionnaires can be informal, conducted as preparatory work for future studies, or formal, with specific objectives and outcomes. Rigorous questionnaires can be challenging and labour- intensive to develop, test and administer without the help of a systematic approach. 5 In this article, we outline steps to design, develop, test and administer valid questionnaires with minimal bias and optimal response rates. We focus on selfadministered postal and electronic surveys of clinicians that are amenable to quantitative analysis. We highlight differences between postal and electronic administration of surveys and review strategies that enhance response rates and reporting transparency. Although intended to assist in the conduct of rigorous self- administered surveys, our article may also help clinicians in the appraisal of published surveys.
引用
收藏
页码:245 / 252
页数:8
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