Application of supercritical fluids to the reactive extraction and analysis of toxic heavy metals from environmental matrices-system optimisation

被引:17
作者
Elshani, S [1 ]
Smart, NG
Lin, YH
Wai, CM
机构
[1] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA
[2] BNFL, Preston PR4 0XJ, Lancs, England
[3] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1081/SS-100103645
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
The extraction Of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ utilising supercritical fluid carbon dioxide containing dissolved organophosphorus reagents is shown to be feasible. Using the solubility parameter concept and investigation of a variety of physical parameters favourable extraction conditions of 60 degreesC and 400 atm pressure were determined. Cyanex 302 was found to be the most favourable ligand in terms of stability and ability to complex a range of metal ions. A soil containing substantial amounts of Pb2+ and Cd2+ was studied using SFE and the technique was found to reduce the levels of leachable metal ions to near US EPA regulatory levels.
引用
收藏
页码:1197 / 1210
页数:14
相关论文
共 24 条
[1]   SOLUBILITIES OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS OF LOW VOLATILITY IN SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE [J].
BARTLE, KD ;
CLIFFORD, AA ;
JAFAR, SA ;
SHILSTONE, GF .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REFERENCE DATA, 1991, 20 (04) :713-756
[2]   Extraction and recovery of metals using a supercritical fluid with chelating agents [J].
Burford, MD ;
Ozel, MZ ;
Clifford, AA ;
Bartle, KD ;
Lin, YH ;
Wai, CM ;
Smart, NG .
ANALYST, 1999, 124 (04) :609-614
[3]   SODIUM-SALTS OF D2EHPA, PC-88A AND CYANEX-272 AND THEIR MIXTURES AS EXTRACTANTS FOR COBALT(II) [J].
DEVI, NB ;
NATHSARMA, KC ;
CHAKRAVORTTY, V .
HYDROMETALLURGY, 1994, 34 (03) :331-342
[4]   THE USE OF ENTRAINERS IN THE SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HAZARDOUS ORGANICS [J].
DOOLEY, KM ;
KAO, CP ;
GAMBRELL, RP ;
KNOPF, FC .
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH, 1987, 26 (10) :2058-2062
[5]   SOLVENT-EXTRACTION OF ANTIMONY (III), BISMUTH (III), LEAD (II) AND TIN (IV) WITH BIS(2,4,4-TRIMETHYLPENTYL)PHOSPHINODITHIOIC ACID (CYANEX 301) [J].
FACON, S ;
COTE, G ;
BAUER, D .
SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE, 1991, 9 (05) :717-734
[6]   DENSE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY AT PRESSURES TO 2000 ATMOSPHERES [J].
GIDDINGS, JC ;
MYERS, MN ;
KING, JW .
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE, 1969, 7 (05) :276-&
[7]   EXTRACTION OF METAL-IONS FROM LIQUID AND SOLID MATERIALS BY SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE [J].
LAINTZ, KE ;
WAI, CM ;
YONKER, CR ;
SMITH, RD .
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1992, 64 (22) :2875-2878
[8]   EXTRACTION OF LANTHANIDES FROM ACIDIC SOLUTION USING TRIBUTYL-PHOSPHATE MODIFIED SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE [J].
LAINTZ, KE ;
TACHIKAWA, E .
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1994, 66 (13) :2190-2193
[9]   SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION OF LANTHANIDES WITH FLUORINATED BETA-DIKETONES AND TRIBUTYL-PHOSPHATE [J].
LIN, YH ;
WAI, CM .
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1994, 66 (13) :1971-1975
[10]   SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION AND CHROMATOGRAPHY OF METAL-CHELATES AND ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS [J].
LIN, YH ;
SMART, NG ;
WAI, CM .
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 1995, 14 (03) :123-133