The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter

被引：1341

作者：

Ramaswamy, Sriram ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Ctr Condensed Matter Theory, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India

[2] JNCASR, CMTU, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India

来源：

ANNUAL REVIEW OF CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, VOL 1 | 2010年 / 1卷

关键词：

self-propulsion; cytoskeleton; bacterial motility; cell rheology; granular matter; GIANT NUMBER FLUCTUATIONS; LONG-RANGE ORDER; PHASE-TRANSITION; LIQUID-CRYSTALS; HYDRODYNAMIC THEORY; COLLECTIVE MOTION; SPONTANEOUS FLOW; DYNAMICS; CELL; BEHAVIOR;

D O I：

10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-070909-104101

中图分类号：

O469 [凝聚态物理学];

学科分类号：

070205 ;

摘要：

Active particles contain internal degrees of freedom with the ability to take in and dissipate energy and, in the process, execute systematic movement. Examples include all living organisms and their motile constituents such as molecular motors. This article reviews recent progress in applying the principles of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and hydrodynamics to form a systematic theory of the behavior of collections of active particles-active matter-with only minimal regard to microscopic details. A unified view of the many kinds of active matter is presented, encompassing not only living systems but inanimate analogs. Theory and experiment are discussed side by side.

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页码：323 / 345

页数：23

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