Gaseous and particulate emissions from rural vehicles in China

被引:83
作者
Yao, Zhiliang [1 ,2 ]
Huo, Hong [3 ]
Zhang, Qiang [4 ]
Streets, David G. [5 ]
He, Kebin [2 ]
机构
[1] Beijing Technol & Business Univ, Sch Food Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China
[2] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[3] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Energy Environm & Econ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[4] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[5] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Rural vehicles; On-board emission measurement; Emission factors; Emission inventory; China; DRIVING PATTERNS; INVENTORY;
D O I
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.012
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Rural vehicles (RVs) could contribute significantly to air pollutant emissions throughout Asia due to their considerable population, extensive usage, and high emission rates, but their emissions have not been measured before and have become a major concern for the accuracy of regional and global emission inventories. In this study, we measured CO, HC, NOx and PM emissions of RVs using a combined on-board emission measurement system on real roads in China. We also compared the emission levels of the twenty RVs to those of nineteen Euro II light-duty diesel trucks (LDDTs) that we measured for previous studies. The results show that one-cylinder RVs have lower distance-based emission factors compared to LDDTs because of their smaller weight and engine power, but they have significantly higher fuel-based PM emission factors than LDDTs. Four-cylinder RVs have equivalent emission levels to LDDTs. Based on the emission factors and the activity data obtained, we estimate that the total emissions of RVs in China in 2006 were 1049 Gg of CO, 332 Gg of HC, 933 Gg of NOx, and 54 Gg of PM, contributing over 40% to national on-road diesel CO, NOx and PM emissions. As RVs are a significant contributor to national emissions, further research work is needed to improve the accuracy of inventories at all levels, and the government should strengthen the management of RVs to facilitate both policy making and research work. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:3055 / 3061
页数:7
相关论文
共 38 条
  • [1] A technology-based global inventory of black and organic carbon emissions from combustion
    Bond, TC
    Streets, DG
    Yarber, KF
    Nelson, SM
    Woo, JH
    Klimont, Z
    [J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 2004, 109 (D14) : D14203
  • [2] Estimation of vehicular emission inventories in China from 1980 to 2005
    Cai, Hao
    Xie, Shaodong
    [J]. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 2007, 41 (39) : 8963 - 8979
  • [3] *CATARC, 1991, CHIN AUT IND YB 1991
  • [4] China Machinery Industry and Agricultural Transport Automobile Research Center, 2007, STUD FUEL EC STAND P
  • [5] Construction of a 1° x 1° fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model
    Cooke, WF
    Liousse, C
    Cachier, H
    Feichter, J
    [J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1999, 104 (D18) : 22137 - 22162
  • [6] Davis N., 2002, REPORTS DEV IVE MODE
  • [7] Ellis S. D., 1997, 260 TRL
  • [8] Ellis S. D., 1995, 7 WORLD C TRANSP RES
  • [9] On-road remote sensing measurements and fuel-based motor vehicle emission inventory in Hangzhou, China
    Guo, Hui
    Zhang, Qingyu
    Shi, Yao
    Wang, Dahui
    [J]. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 2007, 41 (14) : 3095 - 3107
  • [10] THE INFLUENCE OF DRIVING PATTERNS ON PETROL PASSENGER CAR EMISSIONS
    HANSEN, JQ
    WINTHER, M
    SORENSON, SC
    [J]. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 1995, 169 (1-3) : 129 - 139