The use of a linear oscillating device in periodontal treatment: a review

Background: The Vector(TM) system is an ultrasonic instrument that was introduced in 1999, and treatment outcomes with Vector have been compared with those achieved with the "gold standard" of scaling and root planing with Gracey curettes as well as conventional ultrasonic scalers. The aim of this paper is to review the existing literature regarding the Vector(TM) method. Material and Methods: This review is based on a MEDLINE search of the use of Vector up to January 2008 (focused on in vitro findings, periodontal treatment, peri-implantitis therapy, clinical and microbiological data, and patient considerations). The MEDLINE search identified 128 papers, of which 18 were found to be relevant to this review. A hand search of the periodontal literature over the same period resulted in identification of a further 10 relevant papers. Conclusion: Vector(TM) used for treatment of chronic periodontitis results in clinical and microbiological outcomes comparable to those achieved by manual instrumentation and conventional ultrasonic instruments. Vector(TM) is less efficient when removing large masses of calculus, however, and cannot be recommended for the treatment of peri-implantitis. Vector may be particularly useful in periodontal maintenance care as it is well tolerated by patients and results in less removal of cementum than other instruments.