Bifurcation of flame structure in a lean-premixed swirl-stabilized combustor: transition from stable to unstable flame

The present work addresses unsteady flame dynamics in a lean-premixed swirl-stabilized combustor, with attention focused on the transition of flame structure from a stable to an unstable state. It was found that the inlet temperature and equivalence ratio are the two most important variables determining the stability characteristics of the combustor. A slight increase in the inlet mixture temperature across the stability boundary leads to a sudden increase in acoustic flow oscillation. One major factor contributing to this phenomenon is that as the inlet mixture temperature increases, the flame, which is originally anchored in the center recirculation zone, penetrates into the corner recirculation zone and flashes back, due to the increased flame speed. As a consequence, the flame is stabilized by both the corner- and the center-recirculating flows and exhibits a compact enveloped configuration. The flame flaps dynamically and drives flow oscillations through its influence on unsteady heat release. This problem has not previously been studied mechanistically. The results improve our understanding of the mechanisms of initiation and sustenance of combustion instabilities in gas-turbine engines with lean-premixed combustion. (C) 2003 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.