Relationship between testosterone supplementation and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels and cognition in healthy older men

Background. Our laboratory has previously reported that testosterone (T) administration to older men significantly improves cognitive function. This study examined potential changes in insulin-like growth factor (IGF) IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF-related binding proteins in response to T administration in older men and their relationship to cognitive functioning. Methods. Twenty-five healthy community dwelling volunteers, ranging in age from 50-80 years were randomized to receive weekly intra-muscular (i.m.) injections of either 100 mg T enanthate or placebo (saline) for 6 weeks. Serum hormone levels and cognitive functioning was assessed at baseline and twice during treatment. Results. Significant positive associations between IGF-I and IGF-II and spatial memory, spatial reasoning, and verbal fluency were observed after 6 weeks of T administration. Increased serum T levels from treatment were positively associated with improvement in spatial reasoning performance, whereas estradiol was associated with a decline in divided attention performance. Serum IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBPs, did not change in response to T treatment. Conclusions. Our results suggest that T, estradiol and lGF-I may have independent and selective effects on cognitive functioning. Positive associations between T levels and cognition are consistent with an effect of androgen treatment, whereas positive associations between lGF-I levels and cognition are reflective of a relationship between endogenous IGF-I levels and cognition. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.