Bacterial peptidoglycan (murein) hydrolases

被引：664

作者：

Vollmer, Waldemar ^{[1
]}

Joris, Bernard ^{[2
,3
]}

Charlier, Paulette ^{[2
,3
]}

Foster, Simon ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Newcastle Univ, Sch Med, Inst Cell & Mol Biosci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, Tyne & Wear, England

[2] Univ Liege, Ctr Ingn Proteines, Inst Phys B5a, Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium

[3] Univ Liege, Ctr Ingn Proteines, Inst Chim B6a, Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium

[4] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England

来源：

FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS | 2008年 / 32卷 / 02期

关键词：

peptidoglycan; peptidoglycan hydrolase; lytic transglycosylase; amidase; glucosaminidase; endopeptidase;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1574-6976.2007.00099.x

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

Most bacteria have multiple peptidoglycan hydrolases capable of cleaving covalent bonds in peptidoglycan sacculi or its fragments. An overview of the different classes of peptidoglycan hydrolases and their cleavage sites is provided. The physiological functions of these enzymes include the regulation of cell wall growth, the turnover of peptidoglycan during growth, the separation of daughter cells during cell division and autolysis. Specialized hydrolases enlarge the pores in the peptidoglycan for the assembly of large trans-envelope complexes (pili, flagella, secretion systems), or they specifically cleave peptidoglycan during sporulation or spore germination. Moreover, peptidoglycan hydrolases are involved in lysis phenomena such as fratricide or developmental lysis occurring in bacterial populations. We will also review the current view on the regulation of autolysins and on the role of cytoplasm hydrolases in peptidoglycan recycling and induction of beta-lactamase.

引用

页码：259 / 286

页数：28

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