The effects of novelty-seeking phenotypes and sex differences on acquisition of cocaine self-administration in selectively bred High-Responder and Low-Responder rats

被引:110
作者
Davis, Brooke A.
Clinton, Sarah M.
Akil, Huda [2 ]
Becker, Jill B. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Mol & Behav Neurosci Inst, Dept Psychol, Neurosci Program,Reoprod Sci Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Univ Michigan, Dept Psychiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[3] Univ Michigan, Dept Psychol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
关键词
estrous cycle; drug abuse; psychomotor stimulants; sex differences; novelty-seeking;
D O I
10.1016/j.pbb.2008.03.008
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 [法学]; 0303 [社会学]; 030303 [人类学]; 04 [教育学]; 0402 [心理学];
摘要
individual differences in exploratory behavior can predictably influence psychostimulant self-ad ministration behavior. Male rats that exhibit a high degree of locomotor activity in a novel environment (High Responders, HR) will self-administer cocaine more readily than males exhibiting low levels of novelty-induced locomotion (Low Responders, LR). The present experiment investigates the combined influences of the sex of an individual and individual phenotypes in novelty-induced locomotion to predispose animals to acquire cocaine self-administration behavior, in male and female rats selectively bred for the HR-LR phenotypes. We first established that HR females, like their male counterparts, exhibit a dramatically greater locomotor response to novelty and less anxiety-like behavior than do LR females. While locomotor behavior was subtly influenced by estrous stage, with both HR and LR females showing increased activity during metestrus and diestrus compared to proestrus and estrus, the effect did not obscure HR-LR differences. When male and female HR-LR animals were trained to self-administer cocaine (2 h/day, 5 days/wk x 3 wk, 0.2 mg cocaine/kg/infusion), HR males and females acquired cocaine self-administration significantly faster than their LR counterparts. Furthermore, HR females self-administered significantly more cocaine than all other groups. In conclusion, female rats, like males, exhibit HR-LR phenotypes that predict rapidity of acquiring cocaine self-administration. Moreover, HR females self-administer more cocaine than HR males and both LR groups. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:331 / 338
页数:8
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