A prospective study of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and the risk for future myocardial infarction among socioeconomically similar US men

Background: The role of Helicobacter pylori as a determinant of cardiovascular disease is controversial. Objective: To determine whether previous exposure to H. pylori is associated with an increased risk for myocardial infarction. Design: Prospective case-control study. Setting: Physicians' Health Study. Participants: Initially healthy U.S. men. Measurements: Titers of IgG antibody against H. pylori and several inflammatory markers were measured in baseline blood samples obtained from 445 men who subsequently had a myocardial infarction (case-patients) and 445 men matched for age and smoking status who remained free of vascular disease (controls) during a mean follow-up of 8.9 years. Results: Baseline seropositivity was similar among case-patients and controls (43.4% vs. 44.3%; rate ratio, 0.96 [95% Cl, 0.7 to 1.3]). Minimal evidence of association was found between magnitude of seropositivity and subsequent risk and between seropositivity and levels of the inflammatory biomarkers. Conclusion: in a socioeconomically homogeneous population, we found limited evidence of association between H. pylori exposure and risk for future myocardial infarction.