Development and validation of brief scales to measure collectivism, religiosity, racial pride, and time orientation in urban African American women

This article describes the development and pilot-testing of brief scales to measure four cultural constructs prevalent in urban African American women. Internal consistency and temporal stability were assessed in two convenience samples (n = 47 and n = 25) of primarily lower-income African American women. All scales performed well: collectivism (alpha = .93, r = .85, p < .001); religiosity (alpha = .88, r = .89, p < .001); racial pride (alpha = .84, r = .52, p < .001); present time orientation (alpha = .73, r = .52, p < .01) and future time orientation (alpha = .72, r = .54, p = .07).