Air-surface exchange of gaseous mercury over a mixed sawgrass-cattail stand within the Florida Everglades

被引:33
作者
Marsik, FJ [1 ]
Keeler, GJ
Lindberg, SE
Zhang, H
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Lab Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
[3] Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1021/es0404015
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The Florida Everglades Dry Deposition Study (FEDDS) was conducted to test newly developed measurement techniques used to quantify the dry-deposition of speciated mercury to the Florida Everglades ecosystem. One component of FEDDS employed micrometeorological and dynamic flux chamber techniques to study the air-surface exchange of gaseous elemental mercury over a mixed sawgrass/cattail marsh within Water Conservation Area 3. These measurements provided information related to the magnitudes of, and processes associated with, the bidirectional flux of gaseous elemental mercury within this ecosystem for use in the development of a canopy-scale mercury dry deposition model. During the 2000 FEDDS study period, on average elemental gaseous mercury was emitted from the ecosystem during the daytime (16 30 ng m(-2) h(-1)), with deposition observed at night (-1 +/- 4 ng m(-2) h(-1)). The measured fluxes followed a diurnal pattern and were positively correlated with ambient temperature, solar radiation, and water vapor fluxes and negatively correlated with carbon dioxide fluxes. Our study results suggest that while flux-gradient techniques currently used in many mercury air-surface exchange studies can provide useful information on the general nature of mercury fluxes and the environmental parameters that influence them, there is sufficient uncertainty in the measurement of vertical gradients of gaseous elemental mercury to warrant caution in the interpretation of such measurements, especially during periods typically characterized as having small gradients (day/night transition periods and well-mixed conditions).
引用
收藏
页码:4739 / 4746
页数:8
相关论文
共 60 条
[1]   SUNLIGHT-INDUCED FORMATION OF DISSOLVED GASEOUS MERCURY IN LAKE WATERS [J].
AMYOT, M ;
MIERLE, G ;
LEAN, DRS ;
MCQUEEN, DJ .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 1994, 28 (13) :2366-2371
[2]  
[Anonymous], 1988, Introduction to Micrometeorology
[3]   Distributions of mercury and phosphorous in Everglades soils from Water Conservation Area 3A, Florida, USA [J].
Arfstrom, C ;
Macfarlane, AW ;
Jones, RD .
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION, 2000, 121 (1-4) :133-159
[4]  
ATKESON T, 2002, INTEGRATING ATMOSPHE
[5]  
Bates AL, 2002, J ENVIRON QUAL, V31, P287, DOI 10.2134/jeq2002.0287
[6]   Site differences in the clone structure of an emergent sedge, Cladium jamaicense [J].
Brewer, JS .
AQUATIC BOTANY, 1996, 55 (02) :79-91
[7]  
BUSINGER JA, 1986, J CLIM APPL METEOROL, V25, P1100, DOI 10.1175/1520-0450(1986)025<1100:EOTAWW>2.0.CO
[8]  
2
[9]   Application of a Teflon™ dynamic flux chamber for quantifying soil mercury flux:: Tests and results over background soil [J].
Carpi, A ;
Lindberg, SE .
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 1998, 32 (05) :873-882
[10]   Mercury methylation in periphyton of the Florida Everglades [J].
Cleckner, LB ;
Gilmour, CC ;
Hurley, JP ;
Krabbenhoft, DP .
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY, 1999, 44 (07) :1815-1825