Marginal structural models as a tool for standardization

被引:356
作者
Sato, T [1 ]
Matsuyama, Y [1 ]
机构
[1] Kyoto Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
关键词
causal models; confounding; epidemiologic methods; standardization; weighted analysis;
D O I
10.1097/01.EDE.0000081989.82616.7d
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
In this article, we show the general relation between standardization methods and marginal structural models. Standardization has been recognized as a method to control confounding and to estimate causal parameters of interest. Because standardization requires stratification by confounders, the sparse-data problem will occur when stratified by many confounders and one then might have an unstable estimator. A new class of causal models called marginal structural models has recently been proposed. In marginal structural models, the parameters are consistently estimated by the inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting method. Marginal structural models give a nonparametric standardization using the total group (exposed and unexposed) as the standard. In epidemiologic analysis, it is also important to know the change in the average risk of the exposed (or the unexposed) subgroup produced by exposure, which corresponds to the exposed (or the unexposed) group as the standard. We propose modifications of the weights in the marginal structural models, which give the nonparametric estimation of standardized parameters. With the proposed Weights, we can use the marginal structural models as a useful tool for the nonparametric multivariate standardization.
引用
收藏
页码:680 / 686
页数:7
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