Oxidative stress in erythrocytes

Many compounds have the potential to cause oxidative stress in erythrocytes and are potentially harmful in susceptible individuals. Increased risk of adverse reactions is generally due to a genetic defect in one or more erythrocytic enzymes and/or haemoglobin. Administration of such drugs to enzymatically compromised individuals can cause serious haemolytic episodes with a resultant anaemia. The mechanism of haemolysis is a consequence of the system used to induce the stress, and in many cases, it is not well defined. This paper reviews the pathways which protect against oxidative damage, the effects of oxidative stress in the erythrocyte and the mechanisms for some compounds capable of causing such stress.