Training of goal-directed attention regulation enhances control over neural processing for individuals with brain injury

被引:70
作者
Chen, Anthony J. -W. [1 ,2 ,3 ,6 ]
Novakovic-Agopian, Tatjana [1 ,2 ,4 ,6 ]
Nycum, Terrence J. [1 ,3 ]
Song, Shawn [2 ]
Turner, Gary R. [5 ]
Hills, Nancy K. [2 ]
Rome, Scott [4 ]
Abrams, Gary M. [1 ,2 ]
D'Esposito, Mark [3 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[3] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[4] Calif Pacific Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94114 USA
[5] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
[6] Vet Adm No Calif Hlth Care Syst, Martinez, CA 94553 USA
关键词
cognitive rehabilitation; neural plasticity; executive control; attention; functional MRI; brain injury; WORKING-MEMORY DYSFUNCTION; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; COGNITIVE REHABILITATION; TEMPORAL-LOBE; RECOVERY; DEFICITS; MILD; TOP; SUPPRESSION; IMPAIRMENT;
D O I
10.1093/brain/awr067
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Deficits in attention and executive control are some of the most common, debilitating and persistent consequences of brain injuries. Understanding neural mechanisms that support clinically significant improvements, when they do occur, may help advance treatment development. Intervening via rehabilitation provides an opportunity to probe such mechanisms. Our objective was to identify neural mechanisms that underlie improvements in attention and executive control with rehabilitation training. We tested the hypothesis that intensive training enhances modulatory control of neural processing of perceptual information in patients with acquired brain injuries. Patients (n = 12) participated either in standardized training designed to target goal-directed attention regulation, or a comparison condition (brief education). Training resulted in significant improvements on behavioural measures of attention and executive control. Functional magnetic resonance imaging methods adapted for testing the effects of intervention for patients with varied injury pathology were used to index modulatory control of neural processing. Pattern classification was utilized to decode individual functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired during a visual selective attention task. Results showed that modulation of neural processing in extrastriate cortex was significantly enhanced by attention regulation training. Neural changes in prefrontal cortex, a candidate mediator for attention regulation, appeared to depend on individual baseline state. These behavioural and neural effects did not occur with the comparison condition. These results suggest that enhanced modulatory control over visual processing and a rebalancing of prefrontal functioning may underlie improvements in attention and executive control.
引用
收藏
页码:1541 / 1554
页数:14
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