Rosiglitazone for prevention or adjuvant treatment of Nelson's syndrome after bilateral adrenalectomy

Objective: To investigate the effect of Rosiglitazone in three patients treated with bilateral adrenalectomy followed by hyperpigmentation and hypersecretion of ACTH. Patients and methods: One patient had increasing ACTH after previous transsphenoidal surgery for Nelson's syndrome, and two patients without pituitary adenomas had recurrence of Cushing's disease after primary and repeated transsphenoidal surgery with need for bilateral adrenalectomy. The patients developed hyperpigmentation and increasing ACTH at nadir 2 -4 h after morning hydrocortisone dose. ACTH during Rosiglitazone therapy (4 mg/day for 4 weeks and then 8 mg/day) was measured at regular intervals 24 It after the latest dose of hydrocortisone. Results: In two patients there was a decrease in ACTH by 40% after 5 months. The first of these patients showed an escape with increasing ACTH to the initial value after 11 months. In the third patient no effect was observed. Tumour development or progression on magnetic resonance imaging was not observed. Conclusion: Rosiglitazone might represent an adjuvant therapy in patients with ACTH hypersecretion. Larger long-term studies are needed.