Lattice gas simulation of experimentally studied evacuation dynamics

被引:247
作者
Helbing, D [1 ]
Isobe, M
Nagatani, T
Takimoto, K
机构
[1] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Econ & Traff, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
[2] Shizuoka Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Div Thermal Sci, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 4328561, Japan
来源
PHYSICAL REVIEW E | 2003年 / 67卷 / 06期
关键词
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevE.67.067101
中图分类号
O35 [流体力学]; O53 [等离子体物理学];
学科分类号
070204 ; 080103 ; 080704 ;
摘要
We study the evacuation process from a classroom by means of experiments and simulations. The evacuation of students from a classroom is observed by video cameras, and the escape time of each student is measured. Our experimental results are compared with simulations based on a lattice gas model of pedestrian flows. We find that the empirically identified inefficiencies of the evacuation process can be well reproduced. Our particular focus is on the spatial dependence of the escape times on the initial positions, which is highly significant. The escape time distribution turns out to be rather broad due to a jamming (queuing) of the students at the exit, which determines not only the saturation flow (capacity) but also the temporal characteristics of the evacuation dynamics.
引用
收藏
页码:4 / 067101
页数:4
相关论文
共 22 条
[1]   Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton [J].
Burstedde, C ;
Klauck, K ;
Schadschneider, A ;
Zittartz, J .
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS, 2001, 295 (3-4) :507-525
[2]  
CHAKRABARTI J, UNPUB
[3]   Statistical physics of vehicular traffic and some related systems [J].
Chowdhury, D ;
Santen, L ;
Schadschneider, A .
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS, 2000, 329 (4-6) :199-329
[4]   Lane formation in colloidal mixtures driven by an external field -: art. no. 021402 [J].
Dzubiella, J ;
Hoffmann, GP ;
Löwen, H .
PHYSICAL REVIEW E, 2002, 65 (02) :1-021402
[5]   Pattern formation in driven colloidal mixtures:: tilted driving forces and re-entrant crystal freezing [J].
Dzubiella, J ;
Löwen, H .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER, 2002, 14 (40) :9383-9395
[6]   Simulating dynamical features of escape panic [J].
Helbing, D ;
Farkas, I ;
Vicsek, T .
NATURE, 2000, 407 (6803) :487-490
[7]   SOCIAL FORCE MODEL FOR PEDESTRIAN DYNAMICS [J].
HELBING, D ;
MOLNAR, P .
PHYSICAL REVIEW E, 1995, 51 (05) :4282-4286
[8]   Freezing by heating in a driven mesoscopic System [J].
Helbing, D ;
Farkas, IJ ;
Vicsek, T .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2000, 84 (06) :1240-1243
[9]   Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems [J].
Helbing, D .
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS, 2001, 73 (04) :1067-1141
[10]   Optimal admission time for shifting the audience [J].
Itoh, T ;
Nagatani, T .
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS, 2002, 313 (3-4) :695-708