Differential genotypic and root type penetration of compacted soil layers

被引:42
作者
Bushamuka, VN
Zobel, RW
机构
[1] USDA, REE ARS NAA AS & WCR, Beaver, WV 25813 USA
[2] Cornell Univ, Dept Soil Crop & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
关键词
D O I
10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800030026x
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Total number of root penetrations of compacted subsoil layers have been commonly used to assess plant tolerance to subsoil compaction. Root-type specific responses to compacted subsoil layers have not been investigated despite the documentation that plant root types are physiologically and genetically different, A set of maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) cultivars were grown in growth chambers in containers with compacted middle layers (1.2 and 1.65 Mg m(-3)) of Howard soil (loamy skeletal, mixed, mesic Glossoboric Hapludalf) with 17% clay content. The containers mere exposed to a neutron beam to determine the relative roof lengths (RRL) of taproot (RTRL) and basal root (RBRL), the numbers of lateral roots in the compacted lager, and lengths of lateral roots above the compacted laver. The resulting neutron radiographic images revealed that maize 'SA-3' and soybean 'PI 416937' taproots penetrated the compacted layer and maintained >90% RTRL in the subsoil, but their basal roots hardly penetrated the compacted lager.In contrast, maize 'La Posts' and soybean 'Weber' taproots mere severely restricted by the compacted layer, but their basal roots penetrated the leger and had >70% RBRL in the subsoil. Maize 'TS-6' taproots were also restricted by the compacted layer, but TS-6 basal roots had a mode rate penetration that produced a 38% RBRL in the subsoil, On the other hand, soybean 'Perry' had a moderate penetration and RRLs in the subsoil with both tap and basal roots. This variation in root type response to subsoil compaction among cultivars stresses the importance of considering different roof types as distinct entities in studies on plant tolerance to compacted subsoil conditions.
引用
收藏
页码:776 / 781
页数:6
相关论文
共 38 条
[1]  
ADERHOLD HC, 1990, NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHY (3), P731
[2]  
ALLMARAS RR, 1988, ANNU REV PHYTOPATHOL, V26, P219, DOI 10.1146/annurev.py.26.090188.001251
[3]   SEEDLING TEST FOR THE QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF ROOT TOLERANCES TO COMPACTED SOIL [J].
ASADY, GH ;
SMUCKER, AJM ;
ADAMS, MW .
CROP SCIENCE, 1985, 25 (05) :802-806
[4]   Maize and soybean tap, basal, and lateral root responses to a stratified acid, aluminum-toxic soil [J].
Bushamuka, VN ;
Zobel, RW .
CROP SCIENCE, 1998, 38 (02) :416-421
[5]  
BUSHAMUKA VN, 1997, THESIS CORNELL U ITH
[6]  
CAMPBELL RB, 1974, J SOIL WATER CONSERV, V29, P220
[7]   AMELIORATION OF SOIL BY NATURAL PROCESSES [J].
DEXTER, AR .
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH, 1991, 20 (01) :87-100
[8]   INFLUENCE OF DEEP ROOT DENSITY ON ROOT PULLING RESISTANCE IN RICE [J].
EKANAYAKE, IJ ;
GARRITY, DP ;
OTOOLE, JC .
CROP SCIENCE, 1986, 26 (06) :1181-1186
[9]  
Elkins CB, 1977, P 34 SO PAST FOR CRO, P21
[10]  
Gomez K. A., 1985, Statistical procedures for agricultural research