Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cognitive Function in Midlife: Neuroprotection or Neuroselection?

被引：53

作者：

Belsky, Daniel W. ^{[1
,2
]}

Caspi, Avshalom ^{[3
,4
,5
,6
]}

Israel, Salomon ^{[3
,7
]}

Blumenthal, James A. ^{[4
]}

Poulton, Richie ^{[8
]}

Moffitt, Terrie E. ^{[3
,4
,5
,6
]}

机构：

[1] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Study Aging & Human Dev, Durham, NC 27710 USA

[2] Duke Univ, Social Sci Res Inst, Durham, NC USA

[3] Duke Univ, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, Durham, NC USA

[4] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC USA

[5] Duke Univ, Ctr Genom & Computat Biol, Durham, NC USA

[6] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Social Genet & Dev Psychiat Ctr, London, England

[7] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Psychol, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel

[8] Univ Otago, Sch Med, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Dunedin, New Zealand

来源：

ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY | 2015年 / 77卷 / 04期

基金：

英国医学研究理事会;

关键词：

PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; POLYGENIC RISK; OLDER-ADULTS; ALL-CAUSE; CHILDHOOD; LIFE; EXERCISE; HEALTH; INTELLIGENCE;

D O I：

10.1002/ana.24356

中图分类号：

R74 [神经病学与精神病学];

学科分类号：

100204 [神经病学];

摘要：

ObjectiveA study was undertaken to determine whether better cognitive functioning at midlife among more physically fit individuals reflects neuroprotection, by which fitness protects against age-related cognitive decline, or neuroselection, by which children with higher cognitive functioning select more active lifestyles. MethodsChildren in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study (N=1,037) completed the Wechsler Intelligence Scales and the Trail Making, Rey Delayed Recall, and Grooved Pegboard tasks as children and again at midlife (age=38 years). Adult cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a submaximal exercise test to estimate maximum oxygen consumption adjusted for body weight in milliliters/minute/kilogram. We tested whether more fit individuals had better cognitive functioning than their less fit counterparts (which could be consistent with neuroprotection), and whether better childhood cognitive functioning predisposed to better adult cardiorespiratory fitness (neuroselection). Finally, we examined possible mechanisms of neuroselection. ResultsParticipants with better cardiorespiratory fitness had higher cognitive test scores at midlife. However, fitness-associated advantages in cognitive functioning were already present in childhood. After accounting for childhood baseline performance on the same cognitive tests, there was no association between cardiorespiratory fitness and midlife cognitive functioning. Socioeconomic and health advantages in childhood and healthier lifestyles during young adulthood explained most of the association between childhood cognitive functioning and adult cardiorespiratory fitness. InterpretationWe found no evidence for a neuroprotective effect of cardiorespiratory fitness as of midlife. Instead, children with better cognitive functioning are selecting healthier lives. Fitness interventions may enhance cognitive functioning. However, observational and experimental studies testing neuroprotective effects of physical fitness should consider confounding by neuroselection. Ann Neurol 2015;77:607-617

引用

页码：607 / 617

页数：11

共 54 条

[1]

Cardiovascular fitness is associated with cognition in young adulthood [J].