Urban heat islands in China enhanced by haze pollution

被引：353

作者：

Cao, Chang ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Lee, Xuhui ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Liu, Shoudong ^{[1
,2
]}

Schultz, Natalie ^{[3
]}

Xiao, Wei ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Zhang, Mi ^{[1
,2
]}

Zhao, Lei ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Yale NUIST Ctr Atmospher Environm, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

[2] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Atmospher Environm & Equip, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

[3] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 195 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA

[4] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

来源：

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 2016年 / 7卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

LAND-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; LONGWAVE RADIATION; CLIMATE; AEROSOL; IMPACT; CITIES; URBANIZATION; EMISSIVITY; ALGORITHM; ENERGY;

D O I：

10.1038/ncomms12509

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The urban heat island (UHI), the phenomenon of higher temperatures in urban land than the surrounding rural land, is commonly attributed to changes in biophysical properties of the land surface associated with urbanization. Here we provide evidence for a long-held hypothesis that the biogeochemical effect of urban aerosol or haze pollution is also a contributor to the UHI. Our results are based on satellite observations and urban climate model calculations. We find that a significant factor controlling the nighttime surface UHI across China is the urban-rural difference in the haze pollution level. The average haze contribution to the nighttime surface UHI is 0.7 +/- 0.3 K (mean +/- 1 s.e.) for semi-arid cities, which is stronger than that in the humid climate due to a stronger longwave radiative forcing of coarser aerosols. Mitigation of haze pollution therefore provides a co-benefit of reducing heat stress on urban residents.

引用

页数：7

共 56 条

[1] AIDA M, 1979, BOUND-LAY METEOROL, V16, P453, DOI 10.1007/BF03163563
[2] Two decades of urban climate research: A review of turbulence, exchanges of energy and water, and the urban heat island
Arnfield, AJ
[J]. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, 2003, 23 (01) : 1 - 26
[3] KEY CONCLUSIONS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL URBAN LAND SURFACE MODEL COMPARISON PROJECT
Best, M. J.
Grimmond, C. S. B.
[J]. BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, 2015, 96 (05) : 805 - U18
[4] Ground-based aerosol climatology of China: aerosol optical depths from the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network (CARSNET) 2002-2013
Che, H.
Zhang, X. -Y.
Xia, X.
Goloub, P.
Holben, B.
Zhao, H.
Wang, Y.
Zhang, X. -C.
Wang, H.
Blarel, L.
Damiri, B.
Zhang, R.
Deng, X.
Ma, Y.
Wang, T.
Geng, F.
Qi, B.
Zhu, J.
Yu, J.
Chen, Q.
Shi, G.
[J]. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, 2015, 15 (13) : 7619 - 7652
[5] MODIS detected surface urban heat islands and sinks: Global locations and controls
Clinton, Nicholas
Gong, Peng
[J]. REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT, 2013, 134 : 294 - 304
[6] New Directions: The growing urban heat and pollution "island" effect - impact on chemistry and climate
Crutzen, PJ
[J]. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 2004, 38 (21) : 3539 - 3540
[7] Cubasch U, 2014, CLIMATE CHANGE 2013: THE PHYSICAL SCIENCE BASIS, P119
[8] Dufresne JL, 2002, J ATMOS SCI, V59, P1959, DOI 10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059<1959:LSEOMA>2.0.CO
[9] 2
[10] Global radiative forcing and megacities
Folberth, Gerd A.
Rumbold, Steven T.
Collins, William J.
Butler, Timothy M.
[J]. URBAN CLIMATE, 2012, 1 : 4 - 19

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 →