TSH-receptor antibody measurement for differentiation of hyperthyroidism into Graves' disease and multinodular toxic goitre: a comparison of two competitive binding assays

被引:79
作者
Pedersen, IB
Knudsen, N
Perrild, H
Ovesen, L
Laurberg, P
机构
[1] Aalborg Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Med, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
[2] Bispebjerg Univ Hosp, Dept Internal Med 1, Endocrine Unit, Bispebjerg, Denmark
[3] Glostrup Cty Hosp, Ctr Prevent Med, Glostrup, Denmark
[4] Danish Vet & Food Adm, Copenhagen, Denmark
关键词
D O I
10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01347.x
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 [临床医学]; 100201 [内科学];
摘要
Objectives Graves' disease is characterized by stimulating autoantibodies to the TSH-receptor (TRAb). The aim of this study was to compare the performance of a new TRAb assay based on competitive binding to recombinant human TSH-receptors (H-TRAb) with an assay employing purified porcine TSH-receptors (P-TRAb). Furthermore, to evaluate the applicability of the H-TRAb assay to discriminate between patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease (GD) and multinodular toxic goitre (MNTG). Design and measurements H-TRAb and P-TRAb were measured in patients with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism due to GD (n=106) and MNTG (n=94). For comparison, TRAb was measured in patients with primary autoimmune hypothyroidism, euthyroid subjects with an enlarged thyroid gland by ultrasound, and healthy controls (n=100 for each group). Patients were consecutively included from a population survey. Results If the cut-off values recommended by the manufacturer for TSH-receptor antibody positivity were used for evaluation, the sensitivity of the H-TRAb assay vs. the P-TRAb assay in diagnosing GD was: 95.3/67.9% (P<0.001). Specificity was (H/P-TRAb): 99/99%. The sensitivity of P-TRAb was increased it the upper 97.5% limit of measurements in controls was used as cut-off (H-TRAb vs. P-TRAb: 95.3/80.2%, P<0.001). Specificity (H/P-TRAb): 98/98%. The difference between assay performance may partly be due to a better technical performance of the H-TRAb assay with more reliable results in the low range of measurements. However, even in GD patients with clearly measurable TRAb, 25% had a P-TRAb <50% of the value expected from the H-TRAb measurement. This suggests that a subgroup of patients produce TRAb with a higher affinity for the human than the porcine TSH receptor. A relatively high proportion of patients with MNTG were TRAb positive (H-TRAb/P-TRAb: 17/9%). Characteristics of H-TRAb positive and negative MNTG patients were compared. There was no difference between size of thyroid gland and number of nodules by ultrasonography. H-TRAb positive patients had significantly higher serum T4 and T3 and a greater number were TPO-Ab positive. Conclusions H-TRAb diagnosed Graves' disease with a high sensitivity and specificity than P-TRAb. The high occurrence of TRAb in multinodular toxic goitre might in part reflect an overlap between Graves' disease and multinodular toxic goitre in some patients.
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页码:381 / 390
页数:10
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