Detecting environmental change in estuaries: Nutrient and heavy metal distributions in sediment cores in estuaries from the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea

被引:38
作者
Vaalgamaa, S. [1 ]
Conley, D. J. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Helsinki, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Environm Change Res Unit ECRU, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[2] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, Geobiosphere Sci Ctr, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden
基金
芬兰科学院;
关键词
coastal sediments; nutrients; heavy metals; sediment chronology; Baltic Sea;
D O I
10.1016/j.ecss.2007.06.007
中图分类号
Q17 [水生生物学];
学科分类号
071004 ;
摘要
Historical sediment nutrient concentrations and heavy metal distributions were studied in four estuaries in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea to examine the response of these estuaries to temporal changes in human activities. Cores were collected using a 1-m Mackereth corer and dated using Pb-210 and (CS)-C-137. The cores were analyzed for total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), organic phosphorus (OP), inorganic phosphorus (IP), biogenic silica (BSi), loss-on-ignition (LOI), Cu, Zn, Al, Fe, Mn, K, Ca, Mg and Na. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to summarize the trends in the chemical variables and to compare the trends at the different sites. Applying the 1986 Cs-137 date as a reference point, Pb-210 chronologies were constructed for the sites using either the CRS model or a composite model (using both CIC and CRS). Significant increases were observed in sedimentation rates, TP and TN concentrations in all of the cores. Copper showed clear increases from 1850 towards present at all sites. Furthermore, redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to correlate environmental variables (catchment land use, catchment size, estuary surface area, depth and lake percentage) to sediment geochemistry. Based on redundancy analysis (RDA), the percentage of agriculture in the catchment was the most important factor affecting the sediment accumulation rate. Urban land-use types and industry correlate well with sediment Cu and Ca concentrations. Forest areas were related to high sediment BSi concentrations. Catchment land use was the most significant factor affecting sediment geochemical composition and sediment accumulation rates in these coastal embayments. Our results demonstrate that the coastal estuaries of the Gulf of Finland respond to the increased nutrient loading with the increased sedimentation and nutrient accumulation rates. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:45 / 56
页数:12
相关论文
共 55 条
[1]  
AasarOd K, 1996, EMEP MANUAL SAMPLING
[2]   PB-210 DATING BY LOW BACKGROUND GAMMA-COUNTING [J].
APPLEBY, PG ;
NOLAN, PJ ;
GIFFORD, DW ;
GODFREY, MJ ;
OLDFIELD, F ;
ANDERSON, NJ ;
BATTARBEE, RW .
HYDROBIOLOGIA, 1986, 143 :21-27
[3]   SEMIAUTOMATED METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF INORGANIC, ORGANIC AND TOTAL PHOSPHATE IN SEDIMENTS [J].
ASPILA, KI ;
AGEMIAN, H ;
CHAU, ASY .
ANALYST, 1976, 101 (1200) :187-197
[4]  
BIRKS HJB, 1995, STAT MODELLING QUATE, V5, P1
[5]  
BONDSORFF E, 1997, ESTUAR COAST SHEL SA, V44, P63
[6]  
Braak C T., 1998, Canoco reference manual and user's guide to Canoco for windows. Software for canonical community ordination, Version 4
[7]   RATES AND PATTERNS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION [J].
BRUSH, GS .
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY, 1989, 34 (07) :1235-1246
[8]   The urban environmental gradient: Anthropogenic influences on the spatial and temporal distributions of lead and zinc in sediments [J].
Callender, E ;
Rice, KC .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 2000, 34 (02) :232-238
[9]   Signatures of natural catastrophic events and anthropogenic impact in an estuarine environment, New Zealand [J].
Chagué-Goff, C ;
Nichol, SL ;
Jenkinson, AV ;
Heijnis, H .
MARINE GEOLOGY, 2000, 167 (3-4) :285-301
[10]   A 150-year reconstruction of the history of coastal eutrophication in Roskilde Fjord, Denmark [J].
Clarke, A ;
Juggins, S ;
Conley, D .
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 2003, 46 (12) :1615-1618