Rapid analysis of high-precision Sr/Ca ratios in corals and other marine carbonates

A method for rapid determination of high-precision Sr/Ca ratios in scleractinian corals is presented. Using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer, samples are corrected for instrument drift using a reference solution, similar to the approach used for analysis of stable isotopes using gas-source mass spectrometry. Further correction for variation of the Sr/Ca ratio with Ca concentration is accomplished using internal standards. The precision, once all corrections have been made, is better than 0.1% (relative standard deviation, la) for samples of similar Ca concentration and better than 0.2% for samples with variable Ca concentrations. This method increases the sample throughput by approximately a factor of 20 relative to thermal ionization mass spectrometry and significantly reduces instrument and per sample costs. Comparison of Sr/Ca data for a coral from the Galapagos Islands with an instrumental temperature record shows excellent agreement and demonstrates the potential for application of this technique to samples of modern and fossil scleractinian corals and other marine carbonates, including foraminifera.