The AMS-02 transition radiation detector

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) experiment will be mounted on the International Space Station (ISS) for 3 years to perform precision cosmic particle spectroscopy in space. The search for dark matter candidates requires precise e(+)-spectroscopy in the energy range from 10 GeV up to 300 GeV. Therefore, the dominating p-background has to be reduced by a factor of 10(6). This will be achieved with the AMS-02 electromagnetic calorimeter delivering 3-4 orders of magnitude and the transition radiation detector with proton rejection between 100 and 1000. The AMS-02 TRD consists of 20 layers of 6 mm diameter straw modules alternating with 20 mm layers of polyethylene/polypropylene fleece radiator. The straws are filled with a 80%:20% Xe/CO2 gas mixture at 1.0 bar absolute from a recirculating gas system designed to operate > 3 years. The straw modules will be operated in proportional mode at a gas gain of 3000. For the readout a dedicated lowpower data-acquisition system based on VA analog multiplexers has been developed. The completed construction and assembly of the detector is presented with special emphasis on space qualification, long flight duration aspects and calibration of the AMS-02 TRD. This project is funded by the German Space Agency DLR (contract 50000501), the US Department of Energy DOE and NASA. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.