Time projection chambers for the T2K near detectors

被引:134
作者
Abgrall, N. [12 ]
Andrieu, B. [5 ]
Baron, P. [4 ]
Bene, P. [12 ]
Berardi, V. [7 ]
Beucher, J. [4 ]
Birney, P. [1 ,2 ]
Blaszczyk, F. [4 ]
Blondel, A. [12 ]
Bojechko, C. [1 ]
Boyer, M. [4 ]
Cadoux, F. [12 ]
Calvet, D. [4 ]
Catanesi, M. G. [7 ]
Cervera, A. [11 ,13 ]
Colas, P. [4 ]
De La Broise, X. [4 ]
Delagnes, E. [4 ]
Delbart, A. [4 ]
Di Marco, M. [12 ]
Druillole, F. [4 ]
Dumarchez, J. [5 ]
Emery, S. [4 ]
Escudero, L. [11 ,13 ]
Faszer, W. [2 ]
Ferrere, D. [12 ]
Ferrero, A. [12 ]
Fransham, K. [1 ]
Gaudin, A. [1 ]
Giganti, C. [4 ]
Giomataris, I. [4 ]
Giraud, J. [4 ]
Goyette, M. [2 ]
Hamano, K. [2 ]
Hearty, C. [3 ]
Henderson, R. [2 ]
Herlant, S. [4 ]
Ieva, M. [10 ]
Jamieson, B. [3 ]
Jover-Manas, G. [10 ]
Karlen, D. [1 ,2 ]
Kato, I. [2 ]
Konaka, A. [2 ]
Laihem, K. [6 ]
Langstaff, R. [1 ,2 ]
Laveder, M. [8 ,9 ]
Le Coguie, A. [4 ]
Le Dortz, O. [5 ]
Le Ross, M. [2 ]
Lenckowski, M. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada
[2] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
[3] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
[4] CEA Saclay, Irfu DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[5] IN2P3 CNRS, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 05, France
[6] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, Aachen, Germany
[7] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
[8] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy
[9] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy
[10] Inst Fis Altes Energies, Barcelona, Spain
[11] Univ Valencia, IFIC, Valencia, Spain
[12] Univ Geneva, Phys Sect, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
[13] CSIC, Valencia, Spain
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
Time projection chamber; Drift chamber; Gas system; Micromegas; Neutrino oscillation; BULK MICROMEGAS DETECTORS;
D O I
10.1016/j.nima.2011.02.036
中图分类号
TH7 [仪器、仪表];
学科分类号
0804 ; 080401 ; 081102 ;
摘要
The T2K experiment is designed to study neutrino oscillation properties by directing a high intensity neutrino beam produced at J-PARC in Tokai, Japan, towards the large Super-Kamiokande detector located 295 km away, in Kamioka, Japan. The experiment includes a sophisticated near detector complex, 280 m downstream of the neutrino production target in order to measure the properties of the neutrino beam and to better understand neutrino interactions at the energy scale below a few GeV. A key element of the near detectors is the ND280 tracker, consisting of two active scintillator-bar target systems surrounded by three large time projection chambers (TPCs) for charged particle tracking. The data collected with the tracker are used to study charged current neutrino interaction rates and kinematics prior to oscillation, in order to reduce uncertainties in the oscillation measurements by the far detector. The tracker is surrounded by the former UA1/NOMAD dipole magnet and the TPCs measure the charges, momenta, and particle types of charged particles passing through them. Novel features of the TPC design include its rectangular box layout constructed from composite panels, the use of bulk micromegas detectors for gas amplification, electronics readout based on a new ASIC, and a photoelectron calibration system. This paper describes the design and construction of the TPCs, the micromegas modules, the readout electronics, the gas handling system, and shows the performance of the TPCs as deduced from measurements with particle beams, cosmic rays, and the calibration system. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:25 / 46
页数:22
相关论文
共 17 条
[1]   Precision measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters with KamLAND [J].
Abe, S. ;
Ebihara, T. ;
Enomoto, S. ;
Furuno, K. ;
Gando, Y. ;
Ichimura, K. ;
Ikeda, H. ;
Inoue, K. ;
Kibe, Y. ;
Kishimoto, Y. ;
Koga, M. ;
Kozlov, A. ;
Minekawa, Y. ;
Mitsui, T. ;
Nakajima, K. ;
Nakajima, K. ;
Nakamura, K. ;
Nakamura, M. ;
Owada, K. ;
Shimizu, I. ;
Shimizu, Y. ;
Shirai, J. ;
Suekane, F. ;
Suzuki, A. ;
Takemoto, Y. ;
Tamae, K. ;
Terashima, A. ;
Watanabe, H. ;
Yonezawa, E. ;
Yoshida, S. ;
Busenitz, J. ;
Classen, T. ;
Grant, C. ;
Keefer, G. ;
Leonard, D. S. ;
McKee, D. ;
Piepke, A. ;
Decowski, M. P. ;
Detwiler, J. A. ;
Freedman, S. J. ;
Fujikawa, B. K. ;
Gray, F. ;
Guardincerri, E. ;
Hsu, L. ;
Kadel, R. ;
Lendvai, C. ;
Luk, K. -B. ;
Murayama, H. ;
O'Donnell, T. ;
Steiner, H. M. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2008, 100 (22)
[2]   Measurement of neutrino oscillations with the MINOS detectors in the NuMI beam [J].
Adamson, P. ;
Andreopoulos, C. ;
Arms, K. E. ;
Armstrong, R. ;
Auty, D. J. ;
Ayres, D. S. ;
Baller, B. ;
Barnes, P. D., Jr. ;
Barr, G. ;
Barrett, W. L. ;
Becker, B. R. ;
Belias, A. ;
Bernstein, R. H. ;
Bhattacharya, D. ;
Bishai, M. ;
Blake, A. ;
Bock, G. J. ;
Boehm, J. ;
Boehnlein, D. J. ;
Bogert, D. ;
Bower, C. ;
Buckley-Geer, E. ;
Cavanaugh, S. ;
Chapman, J. D. ;
Cherdack, D. ;
Childress, S. ;
Choudhary, B. C. ;
Cobb, J. H. ;
Coleman, S. J. ;
Culling, A. J. ;
de Jong, J. K. ;
Dierckxsens, M. ;
Diwan, M. V. ;
Dorman, M. ;
Dytman, S. A. ;
Escobar, C. O. ;
Evans, J. J. ;
Harris, E. Falk ;
Feldman, G. J. ;
Frohne, M. V. ;
Gallagher, H. R. ;
Godley, A. ;
Goodman, M. C. ;
Gouffon, P. ;
Gran, R. ;
Grashorn, E. W. ;
Grossman, N. ;
Grzelak, K. ;
Habig, A. ;
Harris, D. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2008, 101 (13)
[3]   Direct evidence for neutrino flavor transformation from neutral-current interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory -: art. no. 011301 [J].
Ahmad, QR ;
Allen, RC ;
Andersen, TC ;
Anglin, JD ;
Barton, JC ;
Beier, EW ;
Bercovitch, M ;
Bigu, J ;
Biller, SD ;
Black, RA ;
Blevis, I ;
Boardman, RJ ;
Boger, J ;
Bonvin, E ;
Boulay, MG ;
Bowler, MG ;
Bowles, TJ ;
Brice, SJ ;
Browne, MC ;
Bullard, TV ;
Bühler, G ;
Cameron, J ;
Chan, YD ;
Chen, HH ;
Chen, M ;
Chen, X ;
Cleveland, BT ;
Clifford, ETH ;
Cowan, JHM ;
Cowen, DF ;
Cox, GA ;
Dai, X ;
Dalnoki-Veress, F ;
Davidson, WF ;
Doe, PJ ;
Doucas, G ;
Dragowsky, MR ;
Duba, CA ;
Duncan, FA ;
Dunford, M ;
Dunmore, JA ;
Earle, ED ;
Elliott, SR ;
Evans, HC ;
Ewan, GT ;
Farine, J ;
Fergani, H ;
Ferraris, AP ;
Ford, RJ ;
Formaggio, JA .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2002, 89 (01)
[4]   Measurement of neutrino oscillation by the K2K experiment [J].
Ahn, M. H. ;
Aliu, E. ;
Andringa, S. ;
Aoki, S. ;
Aoyama, Y. ;
Argyriades, J. ;
Asakura, K. ;
Ashie, R. ;
Berghaus, F. ;
Berns, H. G. ;
Bhang, H. ;
Blondel, A. ;
Borghi, S. ;
Bouchez, J. ;
Boyd, S. C. ;
Burguet-Castell, J. ;
Casper, D. ;
Catala, J. ;
Cavata, C. ;
Cervera, A. ;
Chen, S. M. ;
Cho, K. O. ;
Choi, J. H. ;
Dore, U. ;
Echigo, S. ;
Espinal, X. ;
Fechner, M. ;
Fernandez, E. ;
Fujii, K. ;
Fujii, Y. ;
Fukuda, S. ;
Fukuda, Y. ;
Gomez-Cadenas, J. ;
Gran, R. ;
Hara, T. ;
Hasegawa, M. ;
Hasegawa, T. ;
Hayashi, K. ;
Hayato, Y. ;
Helmer, R. L. ;
Higuchi, I. ;
Hill, J. ;
Hiraide, K. ;
Hirose, E. ;
Hosaka, J. ;
Ichikawa, A. K. ;
Ieiri, M. ;
Iinuma, M. ;
Ikeda, A. ;
Inagaki, T. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 2006, 74 (07)
[5]   Large bulk Micromegas detectors for TPC applications [J].
Anvar, S. ;
Baron, P. ;
Boyer, M. ;
Beucher, J. ;
Calvet, D. ;
Colas, P. ;
De La Broise, X. ;
Delagnes, E. ;
Delbart, A. ;
Druillole, F. ;
Emery, S. ;
Giganti, C. ;
Giomataris, I. ;
Mazzucato, E. ;
Monmarthe, E. ;
Nizery, F. ;
Pierre, F. ;
Ritou, J. -L. ;
Sarrat, A. ;
Zito, M. ;
Catanesi, M. G. ;
Radicioni, E. ;
De Oliveira, R. ;
Blondel, A. ;
Di Marco, M. ;
Ferrere, D. ;
Perrin, E. ;
Ravonel, M. ;
Jover, G. ;
Lux, T. ;
Rodriguez, A. Y. ;
Sanchez, F. ;
Cervera, A. ;
Hansen, C. ;
Monfregola, L. .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2009, 602 (02) :415-420
[6]   Measurement of atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters by Super-Kamiokande I [J].
Ashie, Y ;
Hosaka, J ;
Ishihara, K ;
Itow, Y ;
Kameda, J ;
Koshio, Y ;
Minamino, A ;
Mitsuda, C ;
Miura, M ;
Moriyama, S ;
Nakahata, M ;
Namba, T ;
Nambu, R ;
Obayashi, Y ;
Shiozawa, M ;
Suzuki, Y ;
Takeuchi, Y ;
Taki, K ;
Yamada, S ;
Ishitsuka, M ;
Kajita, T ;
Kaneyuki, K ;
Nakayama, S ;
Okada, A ;
Okumura, K ;
Saji, C ;
Takenaga, Y ;
Clark, ST ;
Desai, S ;
Kearns, E ;
Likhoded, S ;
Stone, JL ;
Sulak, LR ;
Wang, W ;
Goldhaber, M ;
Casper, D ;
Cravens, JP ;
Gajewski, W ;
Kropp, WR ;
Liu, DW ;
Mine, S ;
Smy, MB ;
Sobel, HW ;
Sterner, CW ;
Vagins, MR ;
Ganezer, KS ;
Hill, J ;
Keig, WE ;
Jang, JS ;
Kim, JY .
PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 2005, 71 (11)
[7]   Architecture and Implementation of the Front-End Electronics of the Time Projection Chambers in the T2K Experiment [J].
Baron, P. ;
Besin, D. ;
Calvet, D. ;
Coquelet, C. ;
De La Broise, X. ;
Delagnes, E. ;
Druillole, F. ;
Le Coguie, A. ;
Monmarthe, E. ;
Zonca, E. .
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 2010, 57 (02) :406-411
[8]   AFTER, an ASIC for the readout of the large T2K Time Projection Chambers [J].
Baron, Pascal ;
Calvet, Denis ;
Delagnes, Eric ;
de la Broise, Xavier ;
Delbart, Alain ;
Druillole, Frederic ;
Mazzucato, Eduardo ;
Monmarthe, Estelle ;
Pierre, Francois ;
Zito, Marco .
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 2008, 55 (03) :1744-1752
[9]   Monte Carlo simulation of electron drift and diffusion in counting gases under the influence of electric and magnetic fields [J].
Biagi, SF .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 1999, 421 (1-2) :234-240
[10]   Bulk micromegas detectors for large TPC applications [J].
Bouchez, J. ;
Burke, D. R. ;
Cavata, Ch. ;
Colas, P. ;
De la Broise, X. ;
Delbart, A. ;
Giganon, A. ;
Giomataris, I. ;
Graffin, P. ;
Mols, J. P. ;
Pierre, F. ;
Ritou, J.-L. ;
Sarrat, A. ;
Virique, E. ;
Zito, M. ;
Radicioni, E. ;
De Oliveira, R. ;
Dumarchez, J. ;
Abgrall, N. ;
Bene, P. ;
Blondel, A. ;
Cervera, A. ;
Ferrere, D. ;
Maschiocchi, F. ;
Perrin, E. ;
Richeux, J. P. ;
Schroeter, R. ;
Jover, G. ;
Lux, T. ;
Rodriguez, A. Y. ;
Sanchez, F. .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2007, 574 (03) :425-432