In situ SERS spectroscopy of Ag-modified pyrolytic graphite in organic electrolytes

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been applied to study the lithium intercalation/deintercalation process at the interface of a pyrolytic graphite electrode with propylene and ethylene carbonate containing organic solutions. We have focused on the lattice vibration of the most outer graphite surface layer simultaneously with cyclic voltammetric measurements. In situ Raman spectroscopy performed in this way allowed us to determine the La value that describes the size of graphitic microcrystallites along the a-axis. It was found that the La value decreases when the electrode is polarized to potentials between 0.02 and 1.0 V. This phenomenon can be correlated with the intercalation of lithium ions into the graphene structure. According to the spectral change, the size of the graphitic microcrystallites shows reversible behavior with potential cycling at the surface of the electrode.