Dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion imaging of cerebral ischemia in nonhuman primates: Comparison of Gd-DTPA and NMS60

Purpose: To study a new gadolinium (Gd) contrast agent-NMS60-for MR perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) of brain tissue. Materials and Methods: NMS60 is a Gd3+ trimer with a molecular weight of 2158 Daltons, and a T-2 relaxivity almost three times higher than that of Gd-DTPA. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion was induced in nine nonhuman primates. The animals were scanned acutely and for up to six follow-up time points. PWI peak, and time-to-peak maps were generated, and perfusion deficit volumes were measured from these maps. The values of peak, time-to-peak, and perfusion deficit volume were compared between NMS60 and GD-DTPA. Results: These results demonstrate that there was no significant difference in our calculated perfusion parameters between the two contrast agents. Conclusion: The two agents were found to be equally effective for PWI for acute and chronic stroke in primates. Along with its previously demonstrated advantage for T-1-enhanced imaging, the current results show that NMS60 is a viable contrast agent for use in stroke patients.