Glucagon-like peptide-1 plasmid construction and delivery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30-amino-acid hormone produced by intestinal L cells. It has been proposed that GLP-1 can be used as a new treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus because it acts to augment insulin secretion and its effectiveness is maintained in type 2 diabetic patients. Despite its many remarkable advantages as a therapeutic agent for diabetes, GLP-1 is not immediately clinically applicable because of its extremely short half-life. One way to overcome this drawback is GLP1 gene delivery, which enables GLP-1 production in the body. In this study, the effect of GLP1 gene delivery was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo using a new plasmid constructed with a GLP1 (7-37) cDNA. The expression of the GLP1 gene was driven by a SV40 promoter/enhancer. To increase the expression level of GLP-1, nuclear factor kappa B binding sites were introduced. The in vitro results showed expression of GLP-1 and in vitro activity of GLP-1, which is a glucose-dependent insulinotropic action. A single systemic administration of polyethyleneimine/pSIGLP1NF kappa B complex into DIO mice resulted in increasing insulin secretion and decreasing blood glucose levels for a duration longer than 2 weeks.