Complementation of divergent mga genes in group A Streptococcus

The gene (mga4) encoding the positive regulatory protein, Mga4, was cloned and sequenced from an M type 4 strain (AP4) of Streptococcus pyogenes. The deduced amino acid (aa) sequence of this 'divergent Mga' shows 88% identity to the prototype Mga1 in its N-terminal half, which contains all three of the predicted helix-turn-helix domains. However, one of the predicted receiver domains of Mga1, which is at its C terminus, is not conserved in the Mga4 aa sequence. Nevertheless, a mutation in mga1 was found to be complemented for activation of the gene encoding M protein (emm) by mga4 in trans. This suggests that the aa residues of the C-terminal predicted receiver domain are not critical for activation of emm transcription.