Effects of a central metal on the organization of 5,10,15,20-tetra-(p-chlorophenyl)-rare earth porphyrin hydroxyl compound at the air/water interface and in Langmuir-Blodgett films

Langmuir monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of 5,10,15,20-tetra-(p-chlorophenyl) terbium/gadolinium porphyrin hydroxyl compound (TbOH and GdOH) and their mixtures with stearic acid (SA) in a molar ratio of 1:1 were investigated by Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). pi-A isotherms showed that well-defined Langmuir monolayers were formed at an air/water interface for the porphyrins and their mixture with SA. The BAM observations suggest that the pi-pi interaction between the GdOH molecules is stronger than that between the TbOH molecules. This result can be further confirmed by the AFM measurements. After the introduction of SA, the pi-pi interaction between the TbOH molecules is broken and thus two phases formed in the mixed LB film. However, it cannot break the stronger pi-pi interaction between the GdOH molecules. Therefore, no phase separation is observed in the GdOH/SA LB film. IR reflection-absorption (RA) spectra showed that the COOH groups of SA are partly converted to COO- groups, suggesting that there is an interaction between MOH and SA in the films. This interaction leads the benzene rings of TbOH to rotate toward parallel to the substrate and those of GdOH to rotate toward perpendicular to the substrate. All these results have demonstrated that the central metal ions have great effects on the organization and formation of the films. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.